Germination temperature
Warm: about 25 °C (77 °F) for passion flowers (RHS) and kiwano; 25-30 °C (77-86 °F) for passion fruit.
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6 growing guides
Grapes, kiwi, passion fruit and kiwano are climbers that need a support, but their seeds ask for very different treatment: cold for some, a soak or scarifying for others.
This topic covers fruiting climbers raised from seed: grapes, kiwi, passion fruit and its relatives (water lemon and stinking passionflower), and the annual kiwano or horned melon. Climbers grow upward on other plants or structures. Passion flowers grip with tendrils; grapes also climb, and kiwi and kiwano need a frame from the start. What they share is a need for a strong trellis, wire or pergola and a sunny position. What differs is the seed: temperate grapes and kiwi are dormant and need weeks of moist cold, tropical passion fruits have a hard coat that benefits from soaking, and kiwano germinates like a cucumber.
Warm: about 25 °C (77 °F) for passion flowers (RHS) and kiwano; 25-30 °C (77-86 °F) for passion fruit.
Grape and kiwi: moist cold at 2-5 °C (36-41 °F), several weeks for kiwi and about three months for grape. Passion flowers: a 24-hour soak in tepid water (RHS). Kiwano: none.
About 1-3 weeks for passion flowers and kiwano; grape seedlings can appear over many weeks after chilling.
India: passion fruit and kiwano in the warm months; kiwi and grape seedlings suit hill or cool-winter areas. Temperate climates: sow indoors in spring after any chilling.
Passion fruit often crops in one to two years; grape and kiwi seedlings take several years and their fruit differs from the parent.
Clean pulp off fresh seed. Chill grape and kiwi seed in moist medium in the refrigerator; soak passion fruit seed for 24 hours to soften the hard coat.
Sow shallowly in seed compost and keep covered at about 25 °C (77 °F) until seedlings appear, as the RHS advises for passion flowers.
Pot seedlings individually and give full sun once they are established.
Set out young vines next to a trellis or horizontal wires their tendrils or stems can grip. Hardy Passiflora caerulea can reach about 10 m (33 ft).
How to grow grapes from seed and the grape guide; How to grow kiwi from seed and the kiwi guide. Both need moist cold before sowing, and kiwi seedlings are male or female.
How to grow passion fruit from seed, How to grow water lemon from seed (Passiflora laurifolia) and How to grow stinking passionflower from seed (Passiflora foetida), plus the passionflower and passion fruit guides: hard-coated seed, soaked and kept warm.
How to grow kiwano (horned melon) from seed and the kiwano guide: a fast cucumber relative sown in warm soil after the cold season.
Dormant seed sits in the pot for months. Give it moist cold first.
The hard coat and low temperature slow germination badly. Soak it and keep it at about 25 °C (77 °F).
Vines that sprawl get damaged and crop poorly. Fix the trellis or wires before planting.
RHS notes that passion flower seedlings may not match the parent; the same is true for grapes and kiwi. Named fruiting varieties are grafted or grown from cuttings.
Give each climber the right seed treatment, then a sunny spot and a strong support.
Grape seed is dormant. The USDA Woody Plant Seed Manual uses about 90 days of moist cold at 2-5 °C (36-41 °F) before germination.
Yes, it helps. The RHS soaks passion flower seed in tepid water for 24 hours to soften the hard coat.
Only female plants fruit, and they need a male nearby, so raise several seedlings.
Open the guide that matches the seed name on your packet.