Germination temperature
Cool winter, then mild spring weather; seedlings emerge in spring.
Visit deodar-seeds.in Fruit shrub growing guide
Blackberry seed has a hard stone-like coat and a dormant embryo, so it needs a long cold period and patience: seedlings can keep appearing over two seasons. Sowing outdoors in late summer or autumn is the easiest route.
Cool winter, then mild spring weather; seedlings emerge in spring.
Shallow: 3-5 mm (1/8-1/5 in) of soil, or 2-8 mm of fine vermiculite.
Spread over 1-2 growing seasons.
Seed is covered thinly; seedlings like sun.
Cold stratification for 60-120 days; nurseries also scarify with acid.
Sow in pots or a nursery bed; pot up seedlings.
Mash ripe black fruit in water, let the pulp float off and keep the seeds that sink. Each fruit holds roughly 27-83 seeds.
Blackberry seed has a hard, impermeable inner coat. Nurseries soak dry seed in concentrated sulfuric acid for up to several hours, then wash it thoroughly; this is hazardous and not a home method. At home, let a winter outdoors, freezing and thawing, wetting and drying, do the work instead.
Needed. Keep seed moist and cold for 60-120 days, either outdoors over winter in pots or in a refrigerator in a bag of damp sand or vermiculite.
Not useful on its own; the coat stays hard.
Seed sown in late summer or early autumn gives the best germination, emerging the following spring as the weather warms. Spring sowing of seed that has been cold-stratified also works. In warm climates do the cold stage in a refrigerator and sow in the coolest season.
Cover with only 3-5 mm (1/8-1/5 in) of soil, or 2-8 mm of moist vermiculite or finely shredded sphagnum.
Free-draining seed compost in pots or a fine nursery bed sown in drills.
Keep evenly moist. Mulch outdoor beds over winter to stop drying and frost heave.
Light improves germination in many Rubus species, which is one reason the cover is kept thin.
Uneven. Some seeds come up the first spring, others a year later; wild seed can stay dormant in soil for decades. Keep pots or beds for at least two seasons.
Move seedlings into individual pots after the second true leaf appears.
Plant out young plants in a sunny or lightly shaded spot in well-drained soil, at the depth they grew in the pot, with a fence or wires to train canes on.
Keep watered and weed-free in the first season. Blackberries fruit on canes, and fruit ripens about 40-70 days after flowering.
Cause: deep dormancy is normal. Fix: keep the pots moist and outdoors for a second winter; more seedlings often appear the next spring.
Cause: seed was wet when it went into acid, or was left too long. Fix: only dry seed may be acid-treated; at home use outdoor stratification instead.
Cause: bare soil over winter. Fix: mulch the bed or keep pots in a sheltered spot.
Cause: blackberry seed forms both sexually and asexually, so some seedlings differ. Fix: multiply the best plant by tip layering or cuttings.
The least work: sow fresh, cleaned seed in pots in late summer or early autumn and leave them outside for the winter.
Once a seedling fruits well, propagate it by tip layering, suckers, crown division or cuttings; those plants are identical to it.
Blackberry spreads by arching canes that root at the tips and naturalises easily. Train canes on wires and remove tips that touch the ground unless you want new plants.
Blackberry is a temperate shrub; in India it suits the hills and cool regions better than the hot plains.
Sow blackberry seed in autumn, leave it outside for winter and expect seedlings in spring.
Usually the spring after an autumn sowing, but germination can spread over two growing seasons. Do not empty the pots too early.
No. Nurseries use it to speed things up, but outdoor winter conditions or 60-120 days of moist cold work at home.
Not always. Many blackberry seeds form without fertilisation and match the mother plant, but others are sexual and vary.